220927 NEWS: A New Oilfield will be develop offshore Denmark

 A new oilfield will be develop offshore Denmark And ASTM A234 Property 

News Content of New Oilfield And ASTM A234 Material Introduction: 

New Content of New Oilfield:

According to report of World Oil magazine. INEOS and its partners in the solsort unit, Danoil and Nordsofonden, have agreed on Final Investment Decision regarding the development of the Solsort West field in the Danish part of the north sea after having received the approval of the development from the Danish Energy agency.

The Solsort development consist of two wells, the solsort oil and gas will be produced via the syd arne in stallation operated by INEOS. First oil and gas from Solsort is expected in Q4 2023. The production from Solsort will be a valuable contribution to Danish and European energy supply and self-sufficiency. When solsort starts production the gas from INEOS will cover up to 10% of the Danish gas consumption.

ASTM A234 Material Introduction:

  Elbow factory

A234 is covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of ASME B16.9, B16.11, B16.28. MSS SP-79, and MSS SP-95. These fittings are for use in pressure piping and in pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures. 

ASTM A234 WPB same and different with A234 WPC.

A234 WPB Elbow

1. Chemical Composition:

2. Mechnical properties:

3. Carbon Equivalent:

C.E.=(C+Mn)/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15

 Argentina Readies Legislation to Advance Energy Sector, Including LNG Exports

Reuters resport: Argentine President Alberto Fernandez on Wednesday said his government plans in coming days to submit legislation to the national congress that "would give certainty" to energy producers and help advance Argentina's LNG agenda.

                                                     WNRF A105 B16.5

The Vaca Muerta shale basin, the world's second largest unconventional gas reserve and the fourth largest oil reserve, gives the country strong advantages in oil and gas markets, he said, speaking to an audience of energy executives in Houston.

"I am convinced that based on the amount of reserves that Argentina has, we must think about designing a country where energy is the central axis," Fernandez told the audience that included executives from Chevron Corp., Exxon Mobil Corp., Equinor, Shell and Schlumberger.

18inch A234 WPB CARBON STEEL TEE B16.9 SEAMLESS

The energy bill, being drafted with Economy Minister Sergio Massa, will encompass LNG, hydrogen, lithium, solar and other forms of energy, Fernandez said in remarks after the event.

The South American country will have an energy trade deficit again this year, Fernandez said, but the government expects that rising output in Vaca Muerta and the construction of a key domestic gas pipeline will reverse that deficit. By 2026 Argentina would register a $13 billion energy trade surplus, he said.

Energy companies operating in Argentina hope the gas line will be ready soon, executives in the meeting said, noting that a lack of sufficient capacity has delayed some gas production increase plans and held back output of oil and associated gas.
                             

                              ------------ -----The article refer to NEWS of<Pipeline&Gas Journal>at 22th., September 2022.

Spectacle blind flange A105N

Spectacle blind flange A105N, We will delivery to Port Alexander, Egypt.

More about product informations, please free feel to contact with me.

Monel K500/ UNS N05500/ DIN W.Nr. 2.4375 Properties or Features, Heat treatment

Monel K500/ UNS N05500/ DIN W.Nr. 2.4375 Properties or Features

Monel K500 is a nickel-copper alloy and have a excellent corrosion resistance than Monel 400. And alloy 500 is about three times of the yield strength and double of tensile strength than Monel 400. The Monel K500 is widely used for pump, shafts, oil, well tools and instruments, doctor blades and scapers, spring, valve trims, fasteners, and marine propeller shafts.

Heat Treatment for alloy K500

The annealing is performed both for softening of the matrix after working and for solution of the age-hardening phase. Adequate softening may be achieved with temperatures as low as 760-871℃, but heating at 982℃ for hot finished products and 1038℃ for cold drawn products is recommended for optimum response to subsequent age hardening. Grain growth becomes fairly rapid above 982℃, and if a fine-grained structure is desired heating time should be kept to a min. at these higher temperatures.

Monel 404/ UNS N04404 Properties/ Feature and Annealing

Monel 404/ UNS N04404 Properties/ Feature and Annealing

Monel 404 / UNS N04404 is a relatively high copper alloy, which has high strength and a wide temperature range with excellent resistance to many corrosive environments. The alloy should be annealed at 760℃(1400℉) for one hour. Monel 404 is widely used for marine, chemical equipment, electronic devices, aerospace, building products.

Incoloy 825/ UNS N08825/ DIN W.Nr. 2.4858 Properties, corrosion, fabrication and hot&cold forming

Incoloy 825 Properties

Incoloy 825/ UNS N08825/ DIN W.Nr. 2.4858 is a nickel iron chromium alloy with molybdenum, copper and titanium. The nickel content is sufficient for resistance to chloride-ion stress corrosion cracking. The molybdenum is resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. The alloy’s chromium contents confers resistance to a variety of oxidizing substances such as nitric acid, nitrates and oxidizing salt. The alloy 825 is applicate to nuclear fuel reprocessing, oil and gas, chemical processing, petrochemical piping, pollution-control equipment.

Incoloy 825 corrosion

Incoloy alloy 825 is high level of corrosion resistance. In both reducing and oxidize environments. the alloy resists general corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking.

Fabrication for UNS N08825

Incoloy alloy 825 are products are heat treated during manufacturing all the mill to develop the optimum combination of stabilization, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and formability. To maintain these properties during fabrication, subsequent anneals should be performed between 1700 to 1800℉(930 to 980℃) followed by rapid air cooling or water quenching. Heat treatment in the lower end of the range is acceptable for stabilization. However, annealing at temperatures in the higher end of this range may be preferred for softness and grain structure for forming and deep-drawing while maintaining corrosion resistance. Quenching is usually not necessary for parts of thin cross section, but may be desired to avoid sensitization in products of heavier cross section.

Hot and Cold Forming

The hot working range for alloy 825 is 1600 to 2150℉(870 to 1180℃). For optimum corrosion resistance, final hot working should be done at temperatures between 1600 and 1800℉(870 and 980℃).

Incoloy 800/ UNS N08800/ DIN W.Nr. 1.4876 Characteristic, Corrosion Resistance and Heating and Pickling

Incoloy 800 Characteristic

Incoloy 800/UNS N08800/DIN W.Nr. 1.4876 is a heat and corrosion-resistant alloy with a relatively low nickel content. It is widely used for its strength at high temperatures and its ability to resist oxidation, carburization and other types of high-temperature corrosion, like: petrochemical equipment or components, heating element sheathing, and nuclear steam generator tubing. 

Corrosion Resistance for Incoloy 800

Alloy 800, 800H and 800HT have the same nickel, chromium and iron contents and generally display similar corrosion resistance. Alloy 800H and 800HT are used for high-temperature strength, corrosive enviroments to with these alloys are exposed normally involve high-temperature reactions such as oxidation and carburization.

Heating and Pickling

Heating must be performed in a low sulfur atmosphere. Open heating must be done with low sulfur fuel, and the furnace atmosphere must be maintained in a reducing condition to prevent excessive oxidation.

Because of the readiness with which chromium is oxidized into a refractory oxide by air, carbon dioxide or water vapor, alloy 800 series cannot be bright annealed in the usual industrial annealing furnace. Under closely controlled conditions, the alloy can be bright annealed in dry, pure hydrogen(dew point of -58℃/-73℉) or lower, less than 0.004% by volume water, and less than 0.007% by volume air.

Monel 400/ UNS N04400/ DIN W.Nr 2.4360 and 2.4361 Characteristic, Corrosion Resistance and Fabricating

Monel 400 Alloy Characteristic

Monel 400/UNS N04400/ DIN W. Nr 2.4360 and 2.4361 is a high strength and excellent resistance nickel copper alloy 400. Alloy 400 is widely apply in many fields, marine and chemical processing, electrical and electronic, pumps and valves, heat exchangers and feedwater heaters, deaerating heaters, etc.

Alloy 400 Corrosion Resistance:

Monel alloy 400 exhibits resistance to corrosion by many reducing media. It is also generally more resistant to attack by oxidizing media than higher copper alloys. This versatility makes alloy 400 suitable for service in a variety of environments.

Alloy 400 offers exceptional resistance to hydrofluoric acid in all concentrations up to boiling point. It is perhaps the most resistant of all commonly used engineering alloys. Alloy 400 is also resistant to many forms of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids under reducing conditions.

Fabricating for Monel 400

Monel alloy 400 is softer than many steels. The range of hot- forming temperatures is 1200℉ to 2150℉. For heavy reductions, recommended metal temperatures is 1700℉ to 2150℉. Light reductions may be taken down to 1200℉.

Inconel 690 alloy/ UNS N06690/ WNR 2.4642 characteristic, Chemcial composition & Fabrication

Inconel 690 alloy Characteristic

Inconel 690 is a high-Chromium nickel alloy, which is a excellent resistance to fluoride containing hot nitric acid, to stress corrosion cracking caused by alkalis and media containing chloride and polythionic acids, and to many aggresstive aqueous media or in the primary and secondary loops of nuclear reactors. And good resistance to oxidation, sulphidation and metal dusting in hot gases.

Inconel 690 alloy chemical composition:

Ni: ≥58.0

Cr: 27.0-31.0

Fe: 7.0-11.0

C: ≤0.05

Si: ≤0.50

Mn: ≤0.50

S: ≤0.015

Cu: ≤0.50

Fabrication for Inconel 690 alloy:

INCONEL 690 alloy is readily fabricated by converntional techniques for high-nickel alloys. In most working operations, alloy 690 exhibits characteristics similar to those of INCONEL 600. Inconel 690 should be clean before it is heated and should be heated in a low sulfur atmosphere. Furnace atmospheres for open heating should also be slightly reducing to prevent excessive oxidation of the material.

Inconel 686 Alloy Properties, Fabrication & Corrosion

Inconel 686 Alloy Properties

Inconel 686 (UNS N06686)alloy is a low carbon, the most highly alloyed corrosion-resistant alloy, which is outstanding resistance to oxidizing, reducing, and mixed acid environments.

Fabrication for Inconel 686

Hot forming should be between 1600 and 2500℉(870 and 1230℃), with all heavy forming above 2000℉(1090℃). Work hardening during cold forming may make intermediate annealing necessary. Inconel 686 is normally annealed at 2150-2200℉(1180-1200℃), with rapid cooling.

Corrosion of Inconel 686 alloy

1. Resistance to General corrosion: 

General corrosion, an even, uniform attack of the alloy surface, is the most commonly encountered form of corrosion. This type of attack is predictable, which allows effective estimation of the life of components. The corrosion rate is significantly affected by the concentration of the corrosive medium, the presence of contaminants in the medium, and temperature.

15% HCI Boiling: 2mpy

80% H2SO4,93℃: 29mpy

90% H2SO4, 93℃: 8mpy

FGD1, 80℃: 23mpy

FGD2, 105℃: 274mpy

*mpy can be converted to mm/a by multiplying by 0.0254; FGD1: 60%H2SO4+2.5%HCI+0.2%HF+0.5% flyash at 80℃; FGD2: 70% H2SO4+2.5%HCI+0.2%HF at 105℃

2. Resistance to localized corrosion: 

Localized attack, pitting and crevice corrosion, can occur very quickly and lead to premature, unexpected failure. While the general attack of the surface of the component may be very light, a single pit may propagate throught the thickness of the part causing leakage and failure. Crevice corrosion, as the name implies, takes place within the crevices formed by overlapping sections of metal or under tightly adhering deposits.

Nickel 270 alloy/UNS N02270 Application and Physical Properties & Mechanical Properties

Nickel 270 Alloy Application

Nickel 270 alloy can applying at Hydrogen thyatron components, electrical resistance thermometers, platter bars, passive cathode, fluorescent lamp components, electrolytic cell anodes 

The Physical Properties of Alloy 270

Density: 8.91 g/cm3

Electrical Resistivity: 0.075μohm.m

Thermal Conductivity: 86 W/m.℃

Melting Range: 1454℃

The Mechanical Properties

Tensile Strength,min.:50ksi(345Mpa)

Yield Strength, min.: 16ksi(110Mpa)

Elongation: 50%

Hardness: 66max

  

Nickel 270 Properties Characteristic and Chemical Composition

Nickel 270/ UNS N02270/ ASTM F3 Properties Characteristic:

Nickel 270/ UNS N02270/ASTM F3/ W-Nr. 2.4050 is a high purity garde of nickel mad by power metallurgy, which has a low base hardness and high ductility. The extreme purity is useful for components of hydrogen thyratrons.

Chemical Composition of Nickel 270 Alloy

Nickel: ≥ 99.9

Copper: ≤0.01

Iron:  ≤0.05

Manganese: ≤0.003

Carbon: ≤0.02

Sulfur: ≤0.003

Titanium: ≤0.005

Magnesium: ≤0.005

Silicon: ≤0.005

Hastelloy G35 alloy Properties characteristic

Hastelloy G35 Alloy Properties characteristic

Hastelloy G35 Alloy Bar for Poland Client

Hastelloy G35 alloy is to provide corrosion resistance to the most difficult phosphoric acid enviroments. G35 alloy is much less susceptible to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking than the stainless steels and nickel-chromium iron alloys traditionally used in"wet process" phosphoric acid. 

Due to its very high chromium content, G35 is extremely resistant to other oxidizing acids, such as nitric, and mixtures containing nitric acid. It possesses moderate resistance to reducing acids. Due to its appreciable molybdenum content, and unlike other nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys, it's very resistant to "caustic de-alloying" in hot sodium hydroxide.

Hastelloy G30 alloy Properties characteristic, Heat treatment & Fabrication

Hastelloy G30 alloy:

Hastelloy G30 alloy Seamless pipes 6meter

Properties characteristic:

Hastelloy G30 alloy is a high chromium nickel base alloy shows superior corrosion resistance over most other nickel and iron base alloys in commercial phosphoric acid and many complex environments containing highly oxidizing agents such as nitric acid.

Heat Treatment & Fabrication:

The annealing temperature for HASTELLOY G30 alloy is 1177℃（2150℉),and water quenching is advised(rapid air cooling is feasible with structures thinner than 10mm(0.375in). A hold time at the annealing temperature of 10 to 30 minutes is recommended, depending on the thickness of the structure(thicker structures need the full 30 minutes).

Hastelloy G30 alloy can be hot forged, hot rolled, hot upset, hot extruded, and hot formed. And it can apply in wire, sheet, plate, scrip, bar, Welded pipes& seamless pipes, forged. 

Hastelloy B3/Alloy B3 Property Characteristic, Fabrication & Heat treatment

Hastelloy B3/ Alloy B3 Property Characteristic

B3 alloy Seamless pipe 5.8 meter for England Client

Hastelloy B3 has extremely high resistance to the hydrochloric acid, sulfuric, acetic, formic and phosphotic acids, and other non-oxidizing media. And it has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion, to stress-corrosion cracking and to knife-line and heat-affected zone attack.

Fabrication & Heat treatment for Hastelloy B3

Wrought products of B3 alloy are supplied in the Mill Annealed condition, unless otherwise specified. This solution annealing procedure has been designed to optimize the alloy's corrosion resistance and ductility. Following all hot forming operations, the material should be re-annealed, to restore optimum properties. The alloy should also be re-annealed after any cold forming operations that result in an outer fiber elongation of 7% or more. The annealing temperature for b3 alloy is 1066℃（1950℉），and water quenching is advised(rapid air cooling is feasible with structures thinner than 10mm(0.375in.). A hold time at the annealing temperature of 10 to 30 minutes is recommended, depending on the thickness of the structure(thicker structures need the full 30 minutes).

Hastelloy b3 can be hot forged, hot rolled, hot upset, hot extruded, and hot formed. The B3 alloy more sensitive to strain and strain rates than the austenitic stainless steels, and the hot working temperature range is quite narrow. The alloy is stiffer than most austenitic stainless steels, and more energy is required during cold forming. Also, the hastelloy b3 work hardens more readily than most austenitic stainless steels, and may require several stages of cold work, with intermediate anneals.

Hastelloy B2/ Alloy B2 Fabrication and Heat treatment, Corrosion Resistance

Alloy B2 

Alloy B2 Seamless pipe 6m*4in. for Poland Client

Alloy B2 Fabrication and Heat treatment:

Welding Alloy B2 can be performed by TIG, MIG as well as coated electrode. Dissmilar metal welding alloy b2 to alloy b3 is possible using AWS ERNiMo-10 for GTAW and GMAW operations and ENiMo-10 for SMAW welding. The work piece should be thoroughly cleaned with acetone or other suitable cleaners to insure that all contaminants and markings are removed. Grinding prior to welding can be performed with a clean alumina-wheel that has not been previously used on any iron-based materials. There is no need for pre or post heat treatment processes unless the work piece has been formed by any means. A full solution anneal before welding is required on pieces that have been formed. Cold-formed pieces must be shot-peened before annealing.

Hot working should be performed in a temperature range between 1700℉ to 2250℉ with heavy deformation performed toward the upper end of the range. Reheating of the work piece may be necessary. A full solution anneal should be performed on all hot-worked pieces and any cold-worked pieces with more than 15% deformation followed by a water quench.

Solution annealing of Alloy b2 is performed at 1950℉ for 10 minutes at temperature followed by a water quench. Subject material should be charged into a hot furnace and monitored closely for accurate time at temperature. Contact thermocouples are preferred.

Resistance of Corrosion for Alloy B2:

The high molybdenum content in Alloy b2 gives the alloy excellent resistance to hydrochloric acid over a wide range of concentrations and temperatures.

B2 also shows good resistance to hydrogen chloride, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acids and has excellent resistant to pitting and stress corrosion cracking in the heat-affected zone. Uniform corrosion rates in various environments is very similar compared to the other Ni-Mo alloys such as B3. The presence of any oxidizing media, even in trace amounts, will significantly increase corrosion. B2 should not be used in oxidizing media, as these alloys show little to no resistance in such environments.

Alloy B2/Hastelloy B2/UNS N10665/W.Nr. 2.4617 Properties and application notes

Hastelloy B2 Characteristic Properties and application notes

Alloy B2,Hastelloy B2,UNS N10665, W.Nr. 2.4617 Wire 20m*0.5mm

Hastelloy B2 Properties and Notes:

Hastelloy B2 / UNS N10665/ W.Nr. 2.4617 is a solid solution strengthened, nickel-molybdenum alloy, typically used in extreme reducing conditions. B2 has significantly low carbon, silicon and iron compared to its' predecessor, Alloy B(UNS N10001), making the alloy less susceptible to decreased corrosion resistance in the weld zone, in the as-welded condition. Controlling other alloying elements such as iron and chromium solved other issues concerning fabricability. Stringent chemistry control along with years of development has resulted in the alloy used now, both in alloy B2 and alloy B3. now, alloy B2 with restricted chemistry can be used in the welded condition and is less susceptible to SCC under many conditions. As always, care must taken in selecting the right alloy for the desired application.

Hastelloy B2 should not be used at temperatures between 1000℉ and 1600℉ as the alloy forms secondary phases that could decrease the ductility of the material. 

Hastelloy C2000 alloy features and applications

The Applications And Features of Hastelloy C2000/UNS N06200

The features of Hastelloy C2000 alloy:

Hastelloy C2000 alloy/UNS N06200 is unique among the versatile nickel-chromium-molybdenum materials in having a deliberate copper addition. This provides greatly enhanced to oxidizing chemicals and process streams contaminated with ferric ions and dissolved oxygen.

Like other nickel alloys, it is ductile, easy to form and weld, and possesses exceptional resistance to stress corrosion cracking in chloride-bearing solutions(a form of degradation to which the austenitic stainless steels are prone). It is able to withstand a wide range of oxidizing and non-oxidizing chemicals, and exhibits outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice attack in the presence of chlorides and other halides.

Hastelloy c2000 applications include reactors and heat exchangers.

Hastelloy C276 alloy/ UNS N10276 characteristic properties and applications

The characteristic properties and applications of Hastelloy C276 alloy/UNS N10276

 

C276 Alloy Seamless and Welded Pipes

The Characteristic and Applications of C276 alloy

Hastelloy C276 alloy/ UNS N10276 was the first wrought, nickel-chromium-molybdenum material to alleviate concerns over welding(by virtue of extremely low carbon and silicon contents). As such, it was widely accepted in the chemical process and associated industries, and now has a 50 years old track record of proven performance in a vast number of corrosive chemicals.

Like other nickel alloys, it is ductile, easy to form and weld, and possesses exceptional resistance to stress corrosion cracking in chloride-bearing solutions(a form of degradation to which the austenitic stainless steels are prone). With its high chromium and molybdenum contents, it is able to withstand both oxidizing and non-oxidizing acids, and exhibits outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice attack in the presence of chlorides and other halides. Furthermore, it is very resistant to sulfide stress cracking and stress corrosion cracking in sour, oilfield environments.

C276 alloy is available in the form of plates, sheets, strips, billets, bars, wires, pipes, tubes, and covered electrodes. Typical chemical process industry applications include reactors, heat exchangers, and columns.

Hastelloy C22 Welding & Fabrication

The Welding & Fabrication of Hastelloy C22

Hastelloy C22 alloy seamless and welded pipe

The welding & fabrication characteristic of hastelloy C22

Hastelloy C22 alloy/ UNS N06022 is very amenable to the Gas Metal Arc (GMA/MIG), Gas Tungsten Arc(GTA/TIG), and Shielded Metal Arc (SMA/Stick) welding processes. Matching filler metals are available for these processes, and welding guidelines are given in Brochure H-2010: Fabrication of HASTELLOY Corrosion-Resistant Alloys.

Wrought products of C22 are supplied in the Mill Annealed condition, unless otherwise specified. This Solution annealing procedure has been designed to optimize the alloy's corrosion resistance and ductility. Following all hot forming operations, the material should be reannealed, to restore optimum properties. The alloy should also be reannealed after any cold forming operations that result in an outer fiber elongation of 7% or more. The annealing temperature for C22 alloy is 1121℃(2050℉), and water quenching is advised (rapid air cooling is feasible with structures thinner than 10mm/0.375in.). A hold time at the annealing temperature of 10 to 30 minutes is recommended, depending on the thickness of the structure(thicker structure need the full 30 minutes). More details concerning the heat treatment of C22 are given in "Fabrication of Hastelloy Corrosion-Resistant Alloys".

C22 alloy can be hot forged, hot rolled, hot upset, hot extruded, and hot formed. However, it is more sensitive to strain and strain rates than the austenitic stainless steels, and the hot working temperature range is quite narrow. For example, the recommended start temperature for hot forging is 1232℃(2250℉) and the recommended finish temperature is 954℃(1750℉). Moderate reductions and frequent reheating provide the best results, as described in "Fabrication of Hastelloy Corrosion-Resistant Alloys". This reference also provides guidlines for cold forming, spinning, drop hammering, punching, and shearing. The alloy is stiffer than most austenitic stainless steels, and more energy is required during cold forming. Also, C22 alloy work hardens more readily than most austenitic stainless steels, and may require several stages of cold work, with intermediate anneals.

While cold work does not usually affect the resistance of C22 to general corrosion, and to chloride-induced pitting and crevice attack, it can affect resistance to stress corrosion cracking. For optimum corrosion performance, therefore, the reannealing of cold worked parts(following an outer fiber elongation of 7% or more) is important.